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BIOETHANOL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE LEADING COUNTRIES


1Ventajas:
• Bioethanol is a renewable fuel source and domestic.

• It is a cleaner source of fuel because: they emit 40 to 80% less greenhouse gases than fossil fuels, thus reducing acid rain.
• Improving air quality in urban areas, does not pollute the water and reduce waste.

• Easy to produce and store.

• Can be used without problem in most vehicles.

• Bioethanol apart from being an instrument to protect the environment and conserve natural resources and reduce the load to the environment, is also an instrument

•. business to reduce costs and improve market positions.

• For the fleet of vehicles using this fuel only need to change the plastic parts of fuel system.

• Revitalize the rural economy and create jobs by encouraging the establishment of a new sector in the agricultural sector.


• Improved use of land with little agricultural value, which sometimes drop by the low profitability of traditional crops.

• All green material from the fields, and other agricultural waste could be converted into bioethanol, which not only expand its use as fuel but also as raw material for large industry of the future: alcoquimica.

• In the ethanol process generates by-products, consisting primarily of protein which is marketed for the manufacture of animal feed, or corn oil, once refined, is a product intended for human consumption.


2Desventajas:

• A increased demand for more ethanol will be the cultivation of the raw material which is extracted and hence the depletion of soil acidification and also by the use of pesticides.

• The cost of biofuel production is almost double that of gasoline, they are not competitive without government aid.

• Although ethanol has a relatively low vapor pressure, when used as a gasoline additive effective vapor pressure is very high, reaching a value RVP (Reid Vapor Presure) 18 psi (124 kPa), which This represents a drawback to its use.

• To use pure bioethanol fuel (E100) is required to carry After several modifications within the engine, so as not to significantly alter consumption. These are: to increase the compression ratio, vary the fuel / air, spark resistant to higher temperatures and pressures, duct resistant to attack by alcohols, add a mechanism to facilitate cold starting.

1.LOPEZ SILVA, AB bioethanol manufacturing process (I). Chemical Engineering. Madrid Spain: June 2002, pp. 213-217. Vol 34 N ° 391.
2.SANCHEZ, Oscar Julian. ALZATE Cardona, Carlos Ariel. SANCHEZ, Diana Lucia. Analysis and Life Cycle and its application to bioethanol production: a qualitative approach. University EAFIT. Medellin, Colombia: April to June 2007, pp. 59-79. Vol 043 N ° 146.