The possibility of a renewable source of energy readily available, safe and effective is one of the goals that humanity be achieved. Ethyl alcohol obtained by biotechnological methods is an important alternative to fossil fuels. EtOH production from sugar cane shows lower production costs, followed by the process from corn starch. Finally, the costs of EtOH from lignocellulosic biomass to remain high, why has not started up until the time a commercial plant that will transform this raw material. However, many research centers in different countries are advancing studies to reduce these costs and lead to profitable levels for an industrial operation. Globalization the use of bioethanol requires obtaining technology from biomass is fully developed. This need for development is much more urgent for those countries which, like those in Europe or North America do not have the ecological conditions required for growing rich species such as cane sugar.
Colombia and other Latin American countries have a privileged position in this field, displaying a high availability of the three types of raw material analyzed. Although the most logical choice is the cane, you should consider the social benefits that may have the use of alternative crops such as cassava or corn, or even use of a wide variety of waste and agricultural waste typical of the tropics and agribusiness activities.
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